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Behavioural treatments for Tourette syndrome: An evidence-based review.
Tourette syndrome (TS) is a disorder characterised by multiple motor and vocal tics and is frequently associated with behavioural problems. Tics are known to be affected by internal factors such as inner tension and external factors such as the surrounding environment. A number of behavioural treatments have been suggested to treat the symptoms of TS, in addition to pharmacotherapy and surgery for the most severe cases. This review compiled all the studies investigating behavioural therapies for TS, briefly describing each technique and assessing the evidence in order to determine which of these appear to be effective. Different behavioural therapies that were used included habit reversal training (HRT), massed negative practice, supportive psychotherapy, exposure with response prevention, self-monitoring, cognitive-behavioural therapy, relaxation therapy, assertiveness training, contingency management, ahan controls). Statistically significant differences in RMU time between groups were seen post intervention (-7% at T1 and +15% at T2 for the intervention group). Fifty-five percent of the intervention group was willing to continue using the mouse. It appears feasible to perform an RCT for this type of intervention in a workplace setting. Further study including more participants is suggested. Practitioner Summary: The study findings support the feasibility of conducting randomised control trials in office settings to evaluate ergonomics interventions. The intervention resulted in reduced pain and discomfort in the shoulder. The intervention could be a relevant tool in the reduction of upper extremity musculoskeletal disorder. Further research will better explain the study's preliminary findings.
Behav Neurol. 2012 Nov 27. Frank M, Cavanna AE. The Michael Trimble Neuropsychiatry Research Group, Department of Neuropsychiatry, University of Birmingham and BSMHFT, Birmingham, UK College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.
At its most basic level, human sexuality involved in instinctual drive to sustain our race. Therefore, for the most part we are sexually attracted to those people with whom we can mate and produce the healthiest offspring. Furthermore, a person is more sexually attractive if we instinctually believe that they are capable of fulfilling their role as either a nurturer for or provider. Even though this may seem to be reducing human sexuality to the animal level, in all actuality that is exactly what it means.
A person who perceives in need to improve their sexuality most likely does not...
Any behavior that is repeated often enough becomes a habit. Once a habit become so engrained in your mind and body that normal processes are interfered with, the habit goes to the extreme of becoming an addiction. Unfortunately, in many ways these behaviors become part of your personality. In fact, they become part of your identity. Nevertheless, change is an option – if you have the know-how.
Your actions and thoughts become habits because your brain and body are set up to work with and in patterns. These patterns represent real pathways that connect your neurons in your brain and...
Good stress puts wind in our sails. It makes things happen. However, when we fail to balance our lives, excessive negative stress can make our existence a living hell. When we lack confidence that we can handle a situation our brain and body go into a defensive, fight-flight reaction. The major organs of our body cease to function adequately and our immune system becomes suppressed. When stress never lets up, this chronic condition can make do more than ruin our happiness and relationships. It can also destroy our health.
You probably know people who thrive on challenge and seem to...
